AmiGO 2: Term Details for "translation" (GO:0006412)

Term Information

Accession: GO:0006412
Name: translation
Ontology: biological_process
Synonyms: protein anabolism, protein biosynthesis, protein biosynthetic process, protein formation, protein synthesis, protein translation
Alternate IDs: GO:0006416, GO:0043037, GO:0006453
Definition: The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. Source: GOC:go_curators
Comment: None
History: See term history for GO:0006412 at QuickGO
Subset: goslim_metagenomics; goslim_aspergillus; goslim_chembl; goslim_plant; goslim_generic; gosubset_prok; goslim_candida; goslim_pir
Related: Link to all genes and gene products annotated to translation.; Link to all direct and indirect annotations to translation.; Link to all direct and indirect annotations download (limited to first 10,000) for translation.

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GO:0008150 biological_process
GO:0009987 cellular process
GO:0008152 metabolic process
GO:0009058 biosynthetic process
GO:0044237 cellular metabolic process
GO:0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process
GO:0044249 cellular biosynthetic process
GO:0034641 cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
GO:0071704 organic substance metabolic process
GO:0043603 cellular amide metabolic process
GO:0044271 cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process
GO:0043170 macromolecule metabolic process
GO:1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process
GO:1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process
GO:0044238 primary metabolic process
GO:0043604 amide biosynthetic process
GO:0044260 cellular macromolecule metabolic process
GO:0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process
GO:0006518 peptide metabolic process
GO:0019538 protein metabolic process
GO:0034645 cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0044267 cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0010467 gene expression
GO:0043043 peptide biosynthetic process
GO:0006412 translation
GO:0002181 cytoplasmic translation
GO:0035195 gene silencing by miRNA
GO:1990145 maintenance of translational fidelity
GO:0032543 mitochondrial translation
GO:0071891 N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation involved in translation
GO:0017148 negative regulation of translation
GO:0040033 negative regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated
GO:0032544 plastid translation
GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation
GO:0006417 regulation of translation
GO:0043143 regulation of translation by machinery localization
GO:0005840 ribosome
GO:0008135 translation factor activity, RNA binding
GO:0006414 translational elongation
GO:0006413 translational initiation
GO:0006415 translational termination
GO:0030533 triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity
GO:0006418 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation

Parents of translation (GO:0006412)

subject	relation	object
translation	part_of	gene expression (GO:0010467)
translation	is_a	cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process (GO:0034645)
translation	is_a	cellular protein metabolic process (GO:0044267)
translation	starts_with	translational initiation (GO:0006413)
translation	ends_with	translational termination (GO:0006415)
translation	is_a	biosynthetic process (GO:0009058)
translation	has_part	translational elongation (GO:0006414)
translation	is_a	peptide biosynthetic process (GO:0043043)
translation	has_output	protein polypeptide chain (CHEBI:16541)

Children of translation (GO:0006412)

subject	relation	object
mitochondrial translation (GO:0032543)	is_a	translation
regulation of translation (GO:0006417)	regulates	translation
translation factor activity, RNA binding (GO:0008135)	part_of	translation
cytoplasmic translation (GO:0002181)	is_a	translation
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation (GO:0006418)	part_of	translation
regulation of translation by machinery localization (GO:0043143)	part_of	translation
triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity (GO:0030533)	part_of	translation
miRNA mediated inhibition of translation (GO:0035278)	directly_negatively_regulates	translation
translational termination (GO:0006415)	part_of	translation
negative regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated (GO:0040033)	negatively_regulates	translation
maintenance of translational fidelity (GO:1990145)	part_of	translation
ribosome (GO:0005840)	capable_of_part_of	translation
N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation involved in translation (GO:0071891)	part_of	translation
positive regulation of translation (GO:0045727)	positively_regulates	translation
gene silencing by miRNA (GO:0035195)	negatively_regulates	translation
plastid translation (GO:0032544)	is_a	translation
negative regulation of translation (GO:0017148)	negatively_regulates	translation
translational initiation (GO:0006413)	part_of	translation
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane (GO:0006614)	has_part	translation
translational elongation (GO:0006414)	part_of	translation

Reactome: REACT_101324; REACT_100851; REACT_82171; REACT_100338; REACT_83530; REACT_105544; REACT_101045; REACT_103420; REACT_29980; REACT_86996; REACT_81833; REACT_81734; REACT_79784; REACT_96394; REACT_33559; REACT_83429; REACT_1014; REACT_95535; REACT_77710
Wikipedia: Translation_(genetics)